Electric vehicles continue to be a hot topic in the energy and environmental fields. However, throwing electric vehicles under one umbrella is not entirely accurate. Let’s look at the different types of electric vehicles available on the market.

BATTERY ELECTRIC VEHICLES

What most people mean when they say “electric vehicle” is a fully battery-powered EV or BEV (battery electric vehicle).

BEVs run exclusively on electricity from at least one or multiple large batteries. There is no internal combustion engine to convert gasoline into propulsion power, so there is no need for oil changes and zero tailpipe emissions.

Fueling a BEV is done by plugging a charging cord and connector into a port that looks similar to a car’s traditional gas cap. It is estimated that around 80 to 90% of BEV charging is done at home although public charging stations have become readily accessible. Depending on the vehicle, a single charge could last anywhere from 100 to 300 miles.

PLUG-IN HYBRID ELECTRIC VEHICLES

One of the alternatives is a plug-in hybrid electric vehicle (PHEV). These are similar to traditional hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs) in that they run on gas and battery power, but PHEVs get their power from plug-in chargers like a BEV. Most can travel 20 to 35 miles purely on electricity and switch to a backup gas engine when the power runs out.

PHEVs can be charged at home and at public charging stations, which gives you a taste of EV life while still having the security of a tank full of gas for longer trips. The charging time is also much shorter because the battery is smaller — approximately 10 times smaller than a BEV. In addition, PHEVs do a little bit of recharging while on the road, primarily via regenerative braking.

Although PHEVs fit a niche between BEVs and HEVs, they often cost at least $5,000 more because they have the components of gas engines and electric batteries.

Whether you’re just dipping your toe in the electric vehicle waters or ready to take the plunge, there are multiple options in the electric vehicle market. Find the BEV, HEV, or PHEV that is right for you.